By Sara Rubinelli
ISBN-10: 1402095481
ISBN-13: 9781402095481
Ars Topica is the 1st full-length examine of the character and improvement of topoi, the conceptual ancestors of contemporary argument schemes, among Aristotle and Cicero.
Aristotle and Cicero configured topoi in a fashion that prompted the following culture. Their paintings at the topos-system grew out of an curiosity in making a conception of argumentation that may stand among the rigour of formal common sense and the emotive capability of rhetoric. the program went via a chain of advancements and ameliorations as a result of the interaction among the separate goals of gaining rhetorical effectiveness and of conserving dialectical standards.
Ars Topica offers a entire remedy of Aristotle’s and Cicero’s tools of topoi and, by way of exploring their courting, it illuminates a space of historic rhetoric and good judgment which has been obscured for greater than thousand years.
Through an interpretation that is philologically rooted within the old context of topoi, the publication lays the floor for comparing the relevance of the classical techniques to fashionable examine on arguments, and whilst offers an advent to Greek and Roman idea of argumentation focussed on its most vital theoretical achievements.
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Extra info for Ars Topica: The Classical Technique of Constructing Arguments from Aristotle to Cicero (Argumentation Library, Volume 15) (English and Greek Edition) by David S. Levene
Example text
30 '/Alloj tÕ lÒgouj poie‹n toà te sumbeb»kότος kaˆ ú sumbšbhken, À ¢mfotšrwn kaq’ ˜k£teron À toà ˜tšrou, eta skope‹n e‡ ti m¾ ¢lhq™j ™n to‹j lÒgoij æj ¢lhq™j e‡lhptai. »31 (Topics B 10, 115a 6–8) Here the instruction is not stated, but can be inferred: speakers have to find a premise of the type ‘The accident does not belongs to the subject to which it is more likely to belong’ and refute the original conclusion on the basis of that. The two examples just quoted show that Aristotle speaks of topoi in both cases (¥lloj in the beginning of the passage refers to the word tÒpoj).
22 1 Aristotle’s Topics As Brunschwig (1967, 44 n. 3) and Slomkowski (1997, 99) correctly show, in this passage Aristotle instructs speakers on how to construct the hypothetical syllogisms that are nowadays described as modus ponens and tollens, and that can be schematized in the following way: Modus ponens If P, then Q P Hence Q Modus tollens If P, then Q not Q Hence not P This topos seems to be representative of the working of the topoi at the logical level of the argumentation.
47 Leaving out the exceptions mentioned above, in what follows I shall present a categorisation of the main principles that are found in the Topics. For the sake of clarification, each category is exemplified by reporting one of the laws it contains. 1. Definition of the logical predicables For the principles falling under this category, it is primarily a matter of instantiating a relationship between a subject and a predicate that preserves the logical conditions for the correct attribution of a certain predicable.
Ars Topica: The Classical Technique of Constructing Arguments from Aristotle to Cicero (Argumentation Library, Volume 15) (English and Greek Edition) by David S. Levene by Sara Rubinelli
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